Constructional products



Patented Apr. 26, 1938 PATENT OFFICE CONSTRUCTIONAL PRODUCTS Albert 0. Fischer, Chicago, 111., assignor to The Philip Carey Manufacturing Company, a cor pcration of Ohio No Drawing. i Application September 2'7, 1929, Serial No. 395,755

22 Claims.

-This-invention relates to novel and improved constructional materials fabricated from a mass ofmoldable plastic composition, and particularly pertains to various products employed in building 5 and paving constructions.

. The invention consists in the features, combinations and compositions hereinafter described or claimed, for carrying out the above stated objects and such other objects as will hereinafter 10 appear. i

Generally described, the invention relates to composition strips, blocks or the like which are fabricated into articles of manufacture from a substantially homogeneous mass of moldable plas- 15 tic. composition. A suitable composition for producing blocks having the desired characteristics iscomposed from a mass including a ductile binder, fibers, and an inert filler, which gives density tothe ultimate products formed from the 5 composition without impairing the ductile character. While these three elements are used in fabricating the composition, they may be combined in varying proportions within certain limits.

The blocks, strips or the like, may be in the form of such constructional materials referred to in the trade as planking, expansion joint, rail filler, nailing strips, cant strips, flashing block, coping, raggle block, wallboards and like products which are commonly employed in building and paving constructions.

The invention is typified by an expansion joint strip whichis employed in paving constructions to separate the rigid paving sections, such as concrete, and allow for their contraction and expansion. Preformed expansion joints should be of suflicient rigidity and strength to permit handling, and yet possess a ductile and elastic character.

. The binder may be represented by any suitable Waterproofing plastic material of ductile character, preferably bituminous materials, such as,

asphalt, coal tar, and the like, having a comparatively high melting point. Blown bituminous material having a melting point between 220 and 240 degrees is especially suitable for a binder in the composition from which the strips are to be formed.

In the preferred form of my invention there is incorporated in the binder a quantity of fibers of various kinds, either animal, vegetable, mineral or an intermixture of them, and an inert filler. The fibrous material reenforces the binder and gives resiliency to the mass. The inert filler 55 may be represented by such materials as infusorial earth, diatomateous earth, kieselguhr, iullers earth and celite. Celite is a species of diatomaceous earth taken from deposits at Lampoco, California. These materials give body to the mass and do not impair its ductility during manufacture or in its ultimate form. Some of these materials, for instance diatomaceous earth, not only give body to the mass, but, by reason of the cellular structure of said material, body is given to the mass without greatly increasing its weight.

One formula for preparing a suitable composition is eighty-three (83%) per cent blown bituminous material, fifteen per cent fibers, and two (2%) per cent inert filler. These ma- 15 terials are mixed together in any suitable mixing device until same have been formed into a substantially homogeneous mass. The mixing may be carried on to reduce the fibrous material to its ultimate form wherein each individual fiber is separated and coated or merely reduced to bundles or pieces of some length for giving a greater degree of tensile strength to the mass.

In fabricating the products for some purposes, for example planking, various other proportions than those above set forth may be advantageously employed. Such a product is typified by a planking formed from a mixture using a small percentage of fibers, about five (5) to ten (10) per cent, and the balance of the mixture being a filling material with just sufficient bituminous material added to enable it to be properly mixed and the product molded.

After the mass is mixed to any desired extent, it is formed into blocks or strips by any conventional forming apparatus, and treated to prevent stickiness during handling and transportation.

Blocks, strips or like products, formed from the above described mass are inherently compressible and resilient, and are of sufficiently rigid body to permit them to be handled without any tendency to deform. These improved products used as a construction element, such, for instance, as planking for bridge flooring or like localities where it is being traversed by trafiic, afiord a surface that absorbs vibrations and thereby muffles noise and is of a sufficient plastic character not to break under stress altho it may be slightly deformed, in which event its plastic and adhesive character readily knits and heals under traflic.

Obviously the invention is not limited to the details of the specific embodiments described, all of which may be variously modified. The materials comprising the mass from which the blocks, strips and the like are formed may be combined in varying proportions without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A constructional board-like block, strip or the like, comprising a composition body embodying in its structure a bituminous binder having incorporated therein fibrous material and celite.

2. A constructional board-like block, strip or the like, comprising a composition body embodying in its structure, a bituminous binder having incorporated therein fibrous material and a cellular, absorptive, siliceous inert filler.

3. A compressible and elastic constructional board-like block, strip or the like, comprising a composition body embodying in its structure a preponderant proportion of bituminous binder, and a subordinate proportion of filling material including a quantity of celite.

4. A compressible and elastic constructional board-like block, strip or the like, comprising a composition body embodying in its structure a preponderant proportion of bituminous binder, and a subordinate proportion of filling material including fibrous material and cellular, absorptive, siliceous inert material.

5. A compressible and elastic constructional board-like block, strip or the like, comprising a composition body embodying in its structure a bituminous binder having incorporated therein disintegrated fibrous material and celite.

6. A constructional block comprising a preformed board-like body embodying in its structure a composition containing bituminous material and diatomaceous earth.

7. A constructional block comprising a preformed board-like body embodying in its structure a composition containing bituminous material, diatomaceous earth and a fiber material.

8. In a constructional block comprising a composition board-like body embodying in its structure a bituminous material and diatomaceous earth in proportions capable of maintaining the form of said body while giving it a slightly plastic quality.

9. In a constructional block comprising a composition board-like body embodying in its structure a bituminous material, diatomaceous earth and fibrous material in proportions capable of maintaining the form of said body while giving it a slightly plastic quality.

10. A construction element consisting of a preformed board-like body containing an adhesive waterproofing material, fibrous material and a cellular, absorptive, siliceous inert filler in proportions forming a form retaining body surficiently plastic so that when deformed under pres sure, it will under subsequent pressure knit and heal.

11. A wear surfacing element consisting of a preformed board-like body containing an adhesive waterproofing material, fibrous material and a cellular, absorptive, siliceous inert filler in proportions forming a form retaining body willciently plastic so that when deformed under pressure, it will under subsequent pressure knit and heal.

12. An expansion joint comprising a composition board-like body embodying in its structure a bituminous binder having incorporated therein fibrous material and celite.

13. An expansion joint comprising a composition board-like body embodying in its structure a bituminous binder having incorporated therein fibrous material and cellular, absorptive, siliceous inert filler.

14. An expansion joint comprising a composition board-like body embodying in its structure a preponderant proportion of bituminous binder, and a subordinate proportion of filling material including a quantity of celite.

15. A compressible and elastic expansion joint, comprising a composition body embodying in its structure a preponderant proportion of bituminous binder, and a subordinate proportion of filling material including fibrous material and cellular, absorptive, siliceous inert material.

16. A compressible and elastic expansion joint, comprising a composition body embodying in its structure a bituminous binder having incorporated therein disintegrated fibrous material and celite.

17. In a wall board construction, a uniform layer of semi-rigid material comprised of a mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

18. In a constructional building board strip, a uniform layer of semi-rigid material comprised of a mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

19. A preformed board-like unit comprising a compressed mass including a large proportion of bituminous material of the type of asphalt, reenforcing fibers dispersed throughout said bituminous material, and a suflicient proportion of admixed diatomaceous earth to cause said unit to be form retaining.

20. A preformed board-like unit comprising a compressed mass including a large proportion of bituminous material of the type of asphalt, reenforcing fibers dispersed throughout said bituminous material, and a sufiicient proportion of admixed diatomaceous earth to cause said unit to be form retaining, said diatomaceous earth serving to absorb oil and causing the unit to be tough and form retaining at elevated temperatures but not brittle at low temperatures.

21. A preformed board-like unit comprising a compressed mass including a large proportion of bituminous material of the type of asphalt having dispersed therethrough a quantity of fibers and diatomaceous earth, the fibers serving to reenforce the unit and the diatomaceous earth serving to absorb oil and cause the unit to be form retaining.

22. A preformed board-like unit composed of a uniform layer of semi-rigid material comprised of a mixture of asphaltum, fibers and diatomaceous earth.

ALBERT C. FISCHER. 

